Cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis yog pob txha ntawm kev ua tiav precast ntau lawm! Koj puas paub tias kev ua kom zoo dua koj cov pob zeb sib xyaw ib leeg tuaj yeem txhawb kev tsim khoom ntau txog 30%? Hauv xyoo 2025, nyob ua ntej txhais tau tias ua txhua yam kom ntxaws-los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov txheej txheem kho. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuv yuav qhia koj txog 5 lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim khoom ua ntej, pab koj ua kom muaj zog dua, ruaj khov dua, thiab tus nqi -cov khoom ua tau zoo. Txawm hais tias koj yog tus tsim, engineer, lossis tus thawj coj tsim khoom, cov kev nkag siab no yuav hloov koj txoj haujlwm thiab cov khoom zoo.
Qhob Mix Design
Kev sib xyaw ua ke tsim yog lub hauv paus ntawm precast qhob zoo, ncaj qha txiav txim siab txog kev ncaj ncees, ntev - lub sij hawm durability, thiab nto tiav ntawm cov khoom. Workability ensures that concrete can evenly fill every corner of the mold, resulting in a dense, high-quality surface with minimal defects.
Lub zog ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tiv thaiv cov qauv tsim thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm demolding thiab nqa yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Durability tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj, ncua lawv lub neej kev pab cuam.
Tus nqi tswj xyuas kom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab kev lag luam tsim khoom thaum ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev ua tau zoo.
Nyob rau hauv precast ntau lawm, thaum ntxov zog ncaj qha cuam tshuam pwm turnover thiab ntau lawm efficiency. Xaiv high-thaum ntxov- lub zog cement, optimizing admixture ratios, los yog siv high- dej reducers tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thaum ntxov, ua kom sai demolding, yog li shortening ntau lawm voj voog thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm ntau lawm.
Raw Khoom Zoo
Raw khoom zoo yog lub hauv paus lav rau kev ua tau zoo thiab sib xws ntawm precast pob zeb.
High - cov khoom sib xyaw zoo, cov xuab zeb sib npaug, thiab cov dej huv tsis yog lub hauv paus rau cov pob zeb ua kom tiav nws lub zog tsim, durability, thiab zoo heev saum npoo, tab sis kuj ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov ruaj khov thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm.
Kev sib sau ua ke lub zog, cov duab, gradation, thiab cov av nkos cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov pob zeb. Aggregates nrog cov qauv kev ntxhib los mos thiab siab hardness tsim ib lub cev pob txha, ua kom cov load- bearing muaj peev xwm thiab tawg tsis kam ntawm precast Cheebtsam. Kev hloov pauv loj ntawm cov khoom siv raw zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li cov pob zeb tsis sib xws, tawg, thiab tsis muaj zog.
High - cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom zoo yog lub hauv paus lav rau kev tsim cov pob zeb ua ntej. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev tswj hwm txhua kauj ruam peb tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub hauv paus, phab ntsa vaj huam sib luag, kab teeb, lossis kab.
Cement thiab Binder xaiv
Kev xaiv ntawm cov cement thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab hauv kev ua tau zoo, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom ua vaj tse precast. Ntau hom cement (xws li Portland cement zoo tib yam, thaum ntxov- lub zog cement, thiab qis-cov cement) sib txawv hauv lawv cov cua sov ntawm hydration, tus nqi ntawm kev txhim kho lub zog, thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov kawg. Cov kev sib txawv no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub sij hawm demolding, luv -lub sij hawm lub zog, thiab ntev - lub sij hawm durability nyob rau hauv precast daim ntaub ntawv.
Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab txo qis kev siv cov cement, cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv tau dav ntxiv.
Fly tshauv txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, txo cov cua sov ntawm cov dej, thiab txhim kho lub sijhawm ntev -.
Slag hmoov txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab pab txhim kho lub zog tom qab.
Silica fume ho txhim kho lub zog thaum ntxov thiab kev puas tsuaj thaum txo cov permeability.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm binder system ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom. Lub zog thaum ntxov txiav txim siab pwm hloov pauv ceev thiab tag nrho cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm. Durability ua kom muaj kev pab cuam lub neej nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov piv ntawm cov cement rau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm cov pob zeb ua ntej. Kev siv kev lag luam nce ntxiv los ntawm - cov khoom lag luam, yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam demoulding lub zog lossis kav ntev, tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txo cov nqi tab sis kuj txhawb kev hloov mus rau ib qho ntsuab thiab ruaj khov precast pob zeb.
Admixtures thiab Additives
Nyob rau hauv precast qhob ntau lawm, admixtures thiab additives, tab sis yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kom muaj nuj nqis, yog ib qho tseem ceeb Cheebtsam uas ho txhim khu lub zog ntawm ob qho tib si tshiab thiab hardened pob zeb. Lawv kho cov pob zeb ua haujlwm tau zoo, txhim kho lub zog, thiab ua haujlwm ntev, thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom ua tau zoo - zoo precast.
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke muaj xws li siab -cov dej ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, teeb tsa kom nrawm, teeb tsa rov qab, thiab huab cua- cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag. High- cov dej ua haujlwm tau zoo txo qis cov dej sib xyaw ua ke thaum txhim kho fluidity, ua kom yooj yim tso thiab compaction ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw thiab ua kom muaj zog kawg. Teem lub accelerators ua kom cov dej thaum ntxov ntawm cov cement, txo lub sij hawm demolding, thiab txhim kho formwork turnover efficiency. Teem cov retarders ncua kev teeb tsa, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb thaum huab cua kub lossis kev thauj mus los ntev -. Huab cua-entraining agents zoo txhim kho pob zeb tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov npuas me me, ruaj khov.
Kev xaiv kev tshawb fawb ntawm admixtures thiab additives tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua qhov piv thiab tswj cov nqi thaum ntsib lub zog thaum ntxov demoulding, qhov zoo, thiab ntev ntev -lub sij hawm durability ntawm precast Cheebtsam, yog li coj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb thiab kev lag luam rau precast qhob ntau lawm.
Curing thiab maturity Control
Curing yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau precast qhob kom ua tiav nws lub zog tsim thiab durability. Txawm tias muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws, kev kho tsis raug yuav tiv thaiv qhov kev xav tau kawg. Tus yuam sij rau kev tshawb fawb kho yog nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem cement hydration thiab optimizing pob zeb kev txhim kho lub zog nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo los ntawm kev tswj kub thiab av noo.
Cement thiab dej tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration, maj mam tsim cov qauv ruaj khov. Kev kho kom raug tsis yog tsuas yog muab cov pob zeb nrog lub zog thaum ntxov uas yuav tsum tau ua rau demolding tab sis tseem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau nws qhov ntev - lub sij hawm durability. Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem curing muaj xws li:
Chav kho: Siv lub siab - qhov kub thiab txias, siab - ib puag ncig cov av noo ua rau kom muaj zog thaum ntxov, ua kom lub sij hawm luv luv thiab ua kom cov pwm hloov pauv sai.
Kub curing: Cia siab rau qhov kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, kev tswj xyuas zoo ib yam ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo dua qub thiab ruaj khov.
Moisture curing: Curing pam vov, tshuaj tsuag, los yog curing agents yog siv los tiv thaiv kom txhob ntxov ntxov evaporation ntawm pob zeb ya raws thiab tsis txhob nto cracking.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Npog cov khoom siv thaum lub sij hawm tseem ceeb ntawm qhov pib thiab qhov kawg ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa kom txo tau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cua, nag, hnub ci, thiab kub hloov pauv. Thaum kho, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias gradients. Kev kub ntau dhau ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm pob zeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thermal thiab ua rau tawg. Yog li ntawd, kev puas tsuaj thermal yuav tsum tau txo los ntawm maj mam nce thiab txo qhov kub thiab txias, tswj qhov kub siab tshaj plaws, thiab ua kom txias txias.
Xaus
Los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke tsim thiab cov khoom siv raw zoo rau kev xaiv cov cement, cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab kev tswj xyuas, txhua kauj ruam ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub zog, durability, thiab nqi -kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom ua ntej. Los ntawm kev paub txog tsib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb no, cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab sib xws tab sis kuj ua kom ntev -kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv tiag - ntiaj teb no. Hauv kev lag luam kev sib tw niaj hnub no, kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis yog ntau tshaj li kev xaiv; nws sawv cev rau lub tswv yim kom zoo dua uas ua rau muaj kev txhim kho kev tsim khoom, txo cov nqi, thiab ua tiav kev loj hlob ruaj khov hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb ua ntej.
