Fiber-cov pob zeb siv zog (FRC) yog hais txog cov cement- cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov cement paste, mortar, lossis pob zeb ua cov matrix thiab fibers li kev txhawb nqa. Fiber-cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog, tseem hu ua fiber ntau pob zeb, feem ntau yog hais txog cov cement- cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov cement paste, mortar, lossis pob zeb ua cov matrix thiab cov fibers luv luv los yog cov fibers txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Fibers tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov pob zeb matrix, yog li txhim kho kev tawg. Lub siab tensile lub zog thiab elongation ntawm fibers txhim khu lub tensile, flexural, thiab cuam tshuam lub zog, elongation, thiab toughness ntawm cov pob zeb. Cov khoom siv fiber ntau muaj xws li asbestos cement, steel fiber ntau pob zeb, iav fiber ntau pob zeb, polypropylene fiber ntau pob zeb, carbon fiber qhob, cog fiber ntau pob zeb, thiab siab elastic modulus hluavtaws fiber ntau. Nws yog ib lub ntsiab lus dav dav rau cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj fiber ntau thiab cov cement-raws li cov ntaub ntawv (cement paste, mortar, lossis pob zeb). Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov cement paste, mortar, thiab pob zeb yog qhov tsis tshua muaj zog tensile, qis qhov kawg elongation, thiab brittleness. Cov kev tsis zoo no tuaj yeem kov yeej los ntawm kev ntxiv cov fibers nrog lub zog tensile siab, siab kawg elongation, thiab zoo alkali tsis kam.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Fiber hauv pob zeb:
Ordinary qhob yog cov khoom siv nkig, twb muaj ntau lub microcracks ua ntej thauj khoom. Raws li kev ua kom muaj zog sab nraud, cov microcracks maj mam nthuav dav thiab thaum kawg tsim macrocracks, ua rau cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm qhov tsim nyog ntawm fiber ntau tiv thaiv thiab inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm microcracks, txhim kho lub zog tensile thiab flexural zog, nrog rau lub zog tawg, ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw piv rau cov cement matrix tsis muaj zog. Ntau hom fiber ntau txhim kho pob zeb impermeability, khov -thaw tsis kam, chloride ion nkag mus tsis kam, thiab carbonation tsis kam mus rau qhov sib txawv. Fiber-cov pob zeb siv zog feem ntau yog siv cov fibers luv nrog ib qho piv txwv (qhov piv ntawm fiber ntau ntev rau txoj kab uas hla). Txawm li cas los xij, cov fibers ntev (xws li iav fiber ntau roving thiab polypropylene fiberized zaj duab xis) lossis cov khoom siv fiber ntau (xws li iav fiber ntau mesh thiab iav fiber ntau lev) qee zaum siv. Lub zog tensile kawg tuaj yeem nce 30-50%. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm fiber ntau hauv fiber ntau-cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog yog txhawm rau txo qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov cement matrix nyob rau hauv sab nraud quab yuam. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev thauj khoom (nruj thiab khoov), thaum cov khoom xyaw tsim nyog thiab qhov tsim nyog siab - dej ua haujlwm tau zoo- txo tus neeg sawv cev ntxiv, cov cement puag thiab cov fibers dais lub zog sab nraud ua ke, nrog rau yav dhau los yog lub ntsiab ntawm lub zog sab nraud; thaum lub hauv paus tawg, cov fibers hla cov kab nrib pleb dhau los ua lub ntsiab bearers ntawm sab nraud quab yuam. Piv txwv tias qhov ntim cov ntsiab lus ntawm fiber ntau tshaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav dua thiab tsim cov deformations loj dua kom txog thaum cov fibers tawg lossis rub tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus, rhuav tshem cov khoom sib xyaw. Piv nrog rau cov pob zeb zoo tib yam, fiber ntau cov pob zeb muaj zog dua qhov kawg tensile thiab flexural zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev txhim kho hauv toughness.
Common Classifications ntawm Fibers
Fibers tuaj yeem raug cais raws li lawv cov khoom siv:
① Hlau fibers, xws li steel fibers (steel fiber reinforced qhob) thiab stainless hlau fibers (tsim nyog rau cov cua sov-cov pob zeb uas tsis muaj zog).
② Inorganic fibers, feem ntau natural mineral fibers (chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite, thiab lwm yam) thiab txiv neej-ua ntxhia fibers (alkali- resistant iav fibers, carbon fibers xws li alkali- resistant mineral wool).
③ Organic fibers, feem ntau hluavtaws fibers (polyethylene, polyvinyl cawv, nylon, aromatic polyimide, thiab lwm yam) thiab cog fibers (sisal, agave, thiab lwm yam). Synthetic fiber reinforced qhob yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas kub tshaj 60 degree.
Raws li lawv cov elastic modulus, fibers tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj:
Fibers nrog ib qho elastic modulus me dua li ntawm cov cement matrix raug xa mus rau cov fibers hloov tau, suav nrog polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers, thiab cellulose fibers.
Fibers nrog ib qho elastic modulus loj dua li ntawm cov matrix yog hu ua nruj fibers, xws li steel fibers, iav fibers, thiab carbon fibers.
Common Concrete Fibers thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
Hlau Fiber
Cov pob zeb tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov hlau fiber ntau rau hauv cov pob zeb zoo tib yam hu ua steel fiber ntau pob zeb lossis steel fiber reinforced pob zeb. Piv nrog rau cov pob zeb zoo tib yam, nws lub zog tensile, lub zog flexural, hnav tsis kam, cuam tshuam tsis kam, qaug zog ua haujlwm, toughness, tawg tsis kam, thiab tawg ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. High-lub zog steel hlau txiav- kawg nuv- hom fibers, ingot milled-kawg nuv- hom fibers, sheared tshwj xeeb- zoo li cov fibers, thiab qis- alloy steel yaj-cov fibers yog tau txais ntau daim ntawv thov hauv engineering tej yaam num vim lawv txhim khu kev sib raug zoo nrog lub pob zeb matrix, ho tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb, ntxiv dag zog, thiab toughening pob zeb.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Hlau fiber ntau qhov zoo dua yog nws lub peev xwm los ua kom cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog thiab tensile lub zog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlau fibers zoo li clump thaum sib tov, ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kev siv lub zog nyuaj, kev tsim kho nyuaj, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau xeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, steel fiber ntau pob zeb yog hnyav thiab yuav tsum tau tsim cov hlau tseem ceeb, nce steel noj thiab nqi. Daim ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm steel fiber ntau tsis ua hauj lwm thaum siv yog rub tawm es tsis yog tawg, uas qhia tau hais tias qhov adhesion ntawm steel fibers rau pob zeb yog tsis txaus, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho tensile lub zog ntawm pob zeb. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm toughening thiab ntxiv dag zog rau yog tias thaum cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim, lub siab modulus ntawm cov hlau thiab lub zog tensile siab ntawm ib qho fiber ntau tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb los ntawm kev txhim kho ntxiv; Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj tus lej tsawg, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev txwv microcracks tsis tseem ceeb, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev tiv thaiv -seepage, khov-thaw, thiab lwm yam khoom tsis pom tseeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntom ntawm steel fibers yog siab dhau thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, thiab lawv feem ntau tog rau hauv qab ntawm cov pob zeb thaum vibration thiab pouring, ua rau nws tsis yooj yim sua kom faib lawv tusyees. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas qhov kev tshawb fawb theoretical cov lus xaus yog qhov zoo, tab sis qhov tseeb ntawm daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam txawv heev.
Cov pa roj carbon fiber
Carbon fiber ntauyog cov khoom siv sib xyaw uas cov carbon fibers tau sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov cement matrix los txhim kho cov pob zeb ntawm lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau muaj xws li cov khoom siv zoo heev, kev tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo, thiab kev tiv thaiv rau ntuj kub hloov pauv, uas tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov pa hluav taws xob ntxiv. Nws kuj tseem nthuav tawm cov khoom siv tshuaj ruaj khov, ntev - siv lub zog ua kom muaj zog, thiab qhov ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj alkaline heev.
Hloov cov hlau nrog carbon fiber tshem tawm qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj zog los ntawm cov dej ntsev, txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ua kom yooj yim rau kev txhim kho thiab kev tsim kho, thiab ua kom luv luv ntawm kev tsim kho. Cov pa roj carbon fiber kuj muaj kev vibration-damping zog, absorbing shocks thiab nce seismic tsis kam thiab flexural zog los ntawm ntau tshaj kaum npaug. Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau pom muaj lub zog tensile siab, lub zog flexural, tawg tsis kam, thiab corrosion kuj. Vim nws cov coefficient tsawg ntawm kev nthuav dav, carbon fiber ntau pob zeb nthuav tawm cov cua sov zoo heev thiab tsawg kawg thermal deformation.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm carbon fiber hauv cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog los tiv thaiv kev nthuav tawm ntawm microcracks hauv cov pob zeb thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm macrocracks. Yog li ntawd, nws lub zog tensile thiab shear, dabtsi yog khoov, thiab torsional zog, uas yog tswj los ntawm lub ntsiab tensile kev nyuaj siab, yog ho txhim khu kev qha; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj lub siab matrix deformation tsis kam, yog li txhim kho nws tensile, khoov, thiab cuam tshuam toughness. Thaum cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau feem yog 1.18%, qhov sib cais tensile lub zog ntawm cov qauv nce 1.2%. Raws li txoj cai sib xyaw, qhov kev txhawb zog ntawm cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yuav tsum nce ntxiv nrog kev nce hauv fiber ntau hauv cov cement. Thaum qhov hnyav feem pua ntawm carbon fiber tsawg dua 5%, qhov kev sib raug zoo no yuav luag linear. Thaum cov ntsiab lus nce ntxiv, cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog qhov nyuaj rau disperse tusyees hauv matrix, thiab cov nyhuv reinforcing tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav, thiab txawm tias lub zog tensile ntawm carbon fiber ntau yog txo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau kuj muaj qhov zoo corrosion kuj, permeability kuj, hnav tsis kam, shrinkage kuj, thiab kav ntev.
Fiberglass
Iav fiber reinforced qhob (GFRC) yog cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev faib cov alkali zoo sib xws -cov iav fiber ntau nrog lub siab elastic modulus thoob plaws hauv cov cement mortar los yog cov pa ua vaj tse. Vim hais tias txoj kab uas hla ntawm iav fibers tsuas yog 5 mus rau 20 μm, yuav luag zoo tib yam rau cov cement hais, cov binder siv nyob rau hauv GFRC yog cement paste los yog nplua xuab zeb, nrog zoo tsis muaj coarse aggregate. Yog li, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov khoom siv no tseem hu ua cov cement reinforced. GFRC yog qhov kev txhim kho yav tom ntej hauv kev tsim kho engineering. Nws tsis tsuas yog kov yeej qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke, xws li qhov hnyav hnyav, tsis muaj zog tensile, thiab tsis zoo cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov pa ua vaj tse. GFRC cov khoom yog nyias thiab sib dua. Vim tias lawv siv lub zog tensile lub zog iav fiber ntau raws li kev txhawb nqa, lawv muaj lub zog tensile siab. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov iav fibers hauv cov pob zeb ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tawg. Vim tias lawv nqus lub zog tseem ceeb thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj, lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo heev thiab muaj zog flexural siab. GFRC cov khoom kuj muaj cov khoom zoo heev demolding thiab yooj yim rau txheej txheem, ua rau lawv yooj yim hloov mus rau ntau yam duab.
Polypropylene Fiber Concrete
Polypropylene fiber ntau pob zeb yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib faib cov khoom siv polypropylene txiav mus rau qhov ntev ntev hauv cov cement mortar los yog cov pob zeb ua ke los txhim kho cov matrix lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Cov fiber ntau no- cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog muaj qhov zoo xws li lub teeb yuag, lub zog tensile siab, thiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab tawg. Polypropylene fibers kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov hlau ntxiv kom txo cov pob zeb hnyav, yog li ua rau cov qauv seismic tsis kam.
Polypropylene fiber ntau pob zeb yog qhov kev tshawb fawb tshaj plaws thiab siv pob zeb. Nyob ntawm cov duab fiber ntau thiab cov qauv, polypropylene fibers tuaj yeem muab faib ua monofilaments, sib npaug fibrillated fiber bundles, thiab zaj duab xis fibers. Monofilaments muaj qhov sib piv siab, thaum sib npaug ntawm cov fiber ntau fiber ntau tuaj yeem yooj yim tawg hauv cov cement matrix. Thaum kev sib txuas tshuaj lom neeg tsawg, kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv muaj zog, tiv thaiv cov fibers los ntawm kev rub tawm hauv kev ntxhov siab.
Thaum polypropylene fibers muaj lub zog tensile ntau dua li cov pa ua vaj tse, lawv cov elastic modulus kuj tsis tshua muaj, ua rau lawv yooj yim deformation nyob rau hauv cov kev ntxhov siab. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm polypropylene fiber ntau ntxiv, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw no ntau dua li cov pob zeb zoo tib yam. Qhov no tau pom txoj hauv kev zoo heev los tsim cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom qis tab sis muaj kev cuam tshuam siab thiab toughness. Tsis tas li ntawd, polypropylene fiber ntau yog xeb - tiv taus thiab muaj kua qaub thiab alkali tsis kam.
Basalt Fiber ntau
Nruam basalt fiber (CBF) yog ib qho khoom siv fiber ntau uas ua los ntawm cov pob zeb dawb huv volcanic extrusive. Nws yog kos sai sai tom qab yaj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1450-1500 degree. Nws muaj lub ntsej muag kub xim av, kev ua haujlwm zoo heev, thiab tus nqi qis.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm basalt fiber:
(1) Naturalness ntawm raw khoom. Txij li cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov CBF yog nyob ntawm cov pob zeb volcanic extrusive, ntxiv rau nws cov tshuaj muaj zog thiab thermal stability, nws tsis muaj cov khoom uas ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.
(2) Kev ua tau zoo. Basalt fiber yog ib qho "multi-functional" fiber ntau. Piv txwv li, nws yog acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, low-temperature-resistant, siab-temperature-resistant, kub{10}}insulating, hluav taws xob insulating, thiab suab{11}}insulating. Nws lub zog tensile tshaj qhov loj -cov pa roj carbon fibers, thiab nws elongation ntawm kev tawg yog zoo dua li ntawm me me - cab carbon fibers. CBF muaj ib tug polar nto thiab zoo heev interfacial wettability thaum compounded resin. CBF kuj muaj peb-dimensional molecular dimensions, uas, piv nrog linear polymer fibers nrog ib-dimensional molecular qhov ntev, muaj zog compressive ntau dua, shear zog, thiab adaptability rau hnyav ib puag ncig thiab aging kuj, ntawm lwm yam zoo heev cov khoom.
(3) Tus nqi qis. Tus nqi ntawm basalt fiber ntau siv hauv cov cement pob zeb tsis siab, txo qis dua li cov hlau fiber ntau, carbon fiber, thiab lwm yam, thiab piv rau hluavtaws fibers.
(4) Ntuj compatibility. Basalt fiber yog ib hom silicate fiber ntau. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau disperse thaum tov nrog cement, pob zeb, thiab mortar. Freshly tov basalt fiber ntau pob zeb muaj qhov ntim ruaj khov, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Nws muaj qhov ua tau zoo heev -kub tsis kam, tiv thaiv -seepage thiab tawg tsis kam, thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam. Tsis tas li ntawd, basalt fiber ntau alkali -resistant dua alkali- iav resistant.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Fiber-cov pob zeb siv zog yog siv ntau yam kev siv, nyob ntawm tus tsim thiab tus tsim lub peev xwm los siv cov khoom zoo li qub thiab cov khoom muaj zog. Qee daim ntawv thov suav nrog kev khiav, chaw nres tsheb, pavements, qhov hauv kab, txoj kab nqes kev ruaj ntseg, plhaub, phab ntsa, kav dej, manhole npog, dams, hydraulic qauv, viaducts, txoj kev, txuas hniav, thiab warehouse floors.
Fiber ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm pob zeb. Txawm hais tias nws yog steel fiber ntau, iav fiber ntau, polypropylene fiber, los yog ntuj fiber ntau, txhua hom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb zoo thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho sib txawv. Los ntawm kev xaiv hom thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm fiber ntau, engineers tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho cov pob zeb tawg, tawv, thiab ntev ntev - lub zog, tab sis kuj txo cov nqi kho tom ntej. Raws li kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus, fiber ntau- cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog tau dhau los ua qhov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kom muaj zog, nyab xeeb, thiab ruaj khov dua.
