Cov qhob feem ntau muaj cov xis mas, xuab zeb, pob zeb thiab dej. Txhawm rau txhim kho qee yam khoom ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig, tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm scyixtures thiab edixtures feem ntau ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, qhob feem ntau yog tsim ntawm rau 6 qhov tseem ceeb (xws li pob zeb dub (xws li cov neeg muaj suab paj nruag (xws li tus neeg saib xyuas hluav taws xob (xws li RedStion tus neeg sawv cev, Redarder, thiab lwm yam).
Hauv kev ua vaj tse, xuab zeb thiab pob zeb ua raws li lub cev pob txha, uas yog hu ua kev sib sau lossis kev sib sau ua ke; Cement thiab dej sau ua cement slurry, uas qhwv rau saum npoo ntawm cov aggregate thiab puv nws voids. Ua ntej cov qhob tawv tawv, cov cement slurry, admixtures thiab admixtures ua si lubricating lub luag haujlwm, muab cov sib xyaw kom haum rau cov haujlwm tsim kev tsim kho. Tom qab cov cement muab cov tawv tawv tawv tawv tawv tawv, cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke yog cemented rau hauv ib qho zoo tagnrho. Cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb feem ntau tsis koom rau hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov cement thiab dej tseem yog kom txuag tau xis mas dais thiab txwv txoj cai ntawm cov xis. Admixtures thiab admixtures tsis tsuas yog txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ua, tab sis kuj tseem txuag cov xis.
Tej yam cuam tshuam ntawm rau 6 qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pob zeb zoo
1. Maint
Kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv MAAs thiab qib cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv sib thooj, thiab cov cua sov ntawm cov khoom siv kub uas muaj ntau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua tiav.
2. Dej
Lub pH tus nqi ntawm dej, dej ua tau zoo, sulfate thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua vaj tse.
3. Coarse aggrate (feem ntau pob zeb)
Lub zog thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov pob zeb cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov qhob thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov qhob tiav.
4. Zoo sib sau ua ke (tsuas yog xuab zeb)
Cov av nkos cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov xuab zeb, cov khoom siv ntawm cov xuab zeb, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov teeb meem xuab zeb hauv cov xuab zeb cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab teeb tsa lub sijhawm los sib txawv.
5. Mineral Sacixtures (mas ya tshauv lossis lwm tus admixtures)
Txawv edixtures cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv xws li ua haujlwm, lub zog nkhaus, thiab cov tsos ntawm cov qhob cov khoom lag luam.
6. Spressures (xws li tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav, dej reducer, retarder, thiab lwm yam)
Hom thiab cov Uppixture cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus xws li lub sijhawm teeb tsa, lub zog, thiab cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm cov pob zeb.
Cov kev xav tau ntawm 6 lub Cheebtsam loj:
1. Maint
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm Caas txoj sia yuav sib haum nrog kev tsim qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob zeb. Feem ntau, lub zog ntawm Caas yog 1.5 txog 2. {}}}}}}. 9 rau 1.5 zaug rau high-minde ua kom muaj zog. Thaum siv cov neeg tsawg kawg nkaus raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qib siab los npaj qib siab-caug yuav tsis muaj nyiaj ntau dhau, thiab tseem yuav cuam tshuam lwm yam ntawm cov pob zeb. Thaum siv cov kev hloov pauv siab los npaj cov pob zeb qis, tus nqi ntawm cov xis nyob, uas yuav cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev sib xyaws, ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm cov pob zeb tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, qee qhov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw yuav tsum tau ntxiv thaum nws tsim nyog yuav tau ua.
2. Zoo sib sau ua ke
Kev sib sau ua ke nrog cov me me hauv qab 4.75mm yog hu ua zoo sib sau, uas yog hais txog cov xuab zeb hauv cov pob zeb zoo tib yam. Xuab zeb tuaj yeem faib ua cov xuab zeb thiab cov xuab zeb dag. Ntuj xuab zeb suav nrog dej xuab zeb, lub pas dej xuab zeb, roob xuab zeb, roob xuab zeb thiab desalinated hiav txwv sand (cordide ion cov ntsiab lus tsis ntau tshaj {2}}. 06%); Cov xuab zeb dag yog lub sijhawm dav dav rau tshuab ua xuab zeb thiab cov xuab zeb tov tom qab kev kho av tshem tawm. Vim hais tias tus dej xuab zeb yog huv si thiab ua raws li qhov yuav tsum muaj ntawm cov qauv muaj txiaj ntsig, nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev npaj ua vaj tse. Cov kev xav tau ntawm kev sib sau ua ke rau cov pob zeb ua yog raws li hauv qab no:
Kev teeb tsa hauv paus particle thiab qib ntawm thickness:
Lub particle grandation ntawm cov xuab zeb hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov lus ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm cov xuab zeb kom sib phim. Thaum qhov loj me ntawm cov hais tau zoo sib phim, cov khoob ntawm cov xuab zeb yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Lub thickness ntawm cov xuab zeb yog hais txog tag nrho cov tuab ntawm cov xuab zeb me me ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg sib xyaw ua ke, feem ntau muab faib ua couric hlau, feem nruab nrab xuab zeb thiab zoo xuab zeb. Raws li tib cov kev mob zoo tib yam, cov xuab zeb zoo tau muaj ntau thaj chaw thaj chaw, thaum cov xuab zeb coarse tau muaj me me thaj chaw. Hauv kev ua vaj tse, cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau them nrog cov cement muab tshuaj txhuam, thiab cov khoob ntawm cov xuab zeb nplej yuav tsum tau sau nrog cov cement muab tshuaj txhuam. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txuag cov movent thiab txhim kho lub zog, qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo dua rau kev sib xyaw nrog cov ntxhib xuab zeb lossis nruab nrab xuab zeb.
Lub particle kawm tiav thiab cov xuab zeb yog feem ntau yog txiav txim los ntawm sab cib soj ntsuam. Raws li cov kev taw qhia sab cib sib luag ntawm 0. 63mm sab cib sab, cov xuab zeb tau muab faib ua peb qhov chaw kawm tiav: I, II, thiab III. Qhov chaw kawm tiav yog siv los sawv cev rau txoj kev teeb tsa lub xuab zeb, thiab cov modulus zoo heev yog siv los sawv cev rau cov xuab zeb tuab. Cov loj dua cov modulus zoo, tus coarser cov xuab zeb. Raws li cov modulus zoo heev, xuab zeb tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb qib: ntxhib, nruab nrab thiab zoo.
Thaum xaiv xuab zeb rau pob zeb ua pob zeb ua, faib cov khoom tawg thiab tuab ntawm cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tib lub sijhawm. Thaj tsam II xuab zeb yuav tsum tau nyiam thaum npaj pob zeb. Thaum xuab zeb nyob hauv cheeb tsam kuv siv, tus nqi xuab zeb yuav tsum tau nce thiab txaus noj movent noj yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li cov haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke; Thaum cov xuab zeb hauv cheeb tsam III siv, cov xuab zeb yuav tsum raug txo kom raug txo kom ntseeg tau tias lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb. Rau twj pob zeb ua kom, nruab nrab xuab zeb yuav tsum tau xaiv, thiab cov lus me dua 0. 315 hli nyob rau hauv cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 15%.
Cov teeb meem tsis zoo thiab cov haujlwm Alkaline:
Pob zeb ua xuab zeb yuav tsum muaj kev huv thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij. Cov av nkos, silt, mica, organic teeb meem, sulfide, sulfide, thiab lwm yam hauv cov xuab zeb yuav muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob zeb ua. Lawv muaj kev phom sij impurities, thiab lawv cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau tswj tsis tau kom muaj ntau tshaj qhov cuam tshuam. Cov xuab zeb siv hauv cov tsev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phiaj xwm tseem ceeb tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj rau Alkali kev ua haujlwm los txiav txim siab nws qhov kev siv tau.
Ntse:
Kev ruaj nras ntawm cov xuab zeb hais txog kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov xuab zeb kom tiv taus cov kev ua ntawm huab cua, ib puag ncig hloov pauv lossis lwm yam kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev. Qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov xuab zeb tau sim nrog sodium sulfate daws, thiab kev poob ntawm cov qauv tom qab 5 mus yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov cai ntawm cov qauv.
3. Coarse aggregate
Aggregate nrog ib tug particle loj dua 5 hli yog hu ua coarse aggregate. Coarse aggregates feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb dog dig yog gravel thiab pebbles. Coarse aggregates tau los ntawm crushing thiab tshuaj ntsuam cov pob zeb ntuj los yog pebbles hu ua cov pob zeb tsoo lossis tsoo pebbles. Coarse aggregates tsim los ntawm pob zeb vim tej yam kev mob ntuj hu ua pebbles. Cov kev xav tau ntawm coarse aggregate rau cov pob zeb muaj raws li hauv qab no:
Particle kev kawm thiab qhov ntau tshaj plaws qhov loj me
Muaj ob hom ntawm cov pob zeb sib tsoo ntawm pob zeb crushed lossis pebble rau cov pob zeb ua kom zoo ib yam: txuas ntxiv rau qhov loj me thiab qhov loj me me. Ntawm lawv, ib leeg-graingregates feem ntau siv los ua ke rau kev kawm txuas ntxiv, thiab nws kuj tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov pob zeb txuas ntxiv mus los yog pebbles los txhim kho lawv cov kev kawm tiav. Yog tias cov peev txheej muaj tsawg thiab ib leeg-grainfregates yuav tsum tau siv, kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau kev zam kev sib cais.
Cov kev txwv sab saud ntawm cov nominal particle loj hauv ntxhib aggrate yog hu ua qhov siab tshaj plaws particle. Thaum lub particle loj ntawm cov aggregate nce, nws cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb tsawg, thiab cov cement hauv cov pob zeb kuj tsawg dua tsawg dua. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm kev sib ntsib cov kev xav tau cov kev xav tau, qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntxhib cov neeg yuav tsum tau xaiv kom loj npaum li sai tau. Nyob rau hauv kev txhawb zog qhob cov txheej txheem codoring, qhov ntau tshaj plaws qhov loj me ntawm cov qauv tsawg kawg nkaus, thiab yuav tsis muaj ntau dua 3/4 ntawm qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm cov hlau. Rau qhob pob zeb, aggregates nrog qhov ntau tshaj plaws qhov loj ntawm 1/3 ntawm cov tuab tuab yuav tsum tau tso cai, tab sis qhov loj tshaj plaws qhov loj yuav tsis pub tshaj 40mm. Rau qhob uas tau nqus, qhov ntau tshaj plaws hauv gravel yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj ntau dua 1/3 ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm peb lub nroog
Lub zog thiab kev txom nyem
The strength of crushed stone or pebble can be expressed by rock compressive strength and crush index. Thaum cov ua vaj tse nyob qib yog C60 thiab saum toj no, lub pob zeb compressivive zog ntsuas yuav tsum tau nqa tawm. Qhov sib piv ntawm lub pob zeb compressive ntawm cov pob zeb siv los ua kom cov coarse aggregate rau lub zog yuav tsum tsis tsawg tshaj li 1.50. Txog kev tswj ib txwm ua tau zoo dua qub, cov crushing index tus nqi tuaj yeem siv los kuaj.
Coarse aggrate siv rau hauv cov pob zeb nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev xav tau yuav tsum muaj kev txiav txim siab ntawm nws qhov chaw ruaj khov. Uas yog hais, xeem nrog sodium sulfate daws, thiab kev poob ntawm cov qauv tom qab 5 mus yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov cai ntawm cov qauv.
Cov teeb meem impurities thiab rab koob, flake hais
Cov av nkos, silt, cov chips zoo, sulfate, sulfate, thiab cov organic muaj teeb meem, thiab lawv cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov cai ntawm cov qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub sib xyaw ua kom sib xyaw lossis limestone thaiv rau hauv coarse aggregate.
Cov pob zeb tsoo lossis peb lub pob zeb siv rau hauv cov chaw ua vaj tse tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau kuaj rau cov kev ua ub no alkali los txiav txim seb lawv siv tau. Ntau cov koob thiab flaky hais hauv cov coincate mentsle yuav ua rau lub zog ua haujlwm thiab lub zog ua kom muaj raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv.
4. Dej
Cov dej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov khoom siv rau pob zeb sib xyaw suav nrog cov txiaj ntsig pH suav nrog cov ntsiab lus pH, solubleceeb, solub-solection agregate siv). Cov kev ntsuas cov dej kuaj yuav tsum muab piv nrog cov qauv haus dej rau CAs teeb lub sijhawm thiab Cugas Cug Zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob zeb ua kom sib xyaw yuav tsum tsis txhob ntab pov tseg thiab ua npuas ncauj, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj xim zoo nkauj thiab peculiar; Pob zeb ua lag luam ntxuav cov cuab yeej siv ntxuav dej yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau prestressed pob zeb ua, kho kom zoo nkauj pob zeb ua thiab pob zeb ua kom pom tseeb. Tsis yog rau siv hauv pob zeb siv siv cov alkali-nquag lossis muaj peev xwm alkali-activate aggregates. Tsis kho cov dej hiav txwv yog qhov txwv tsis pub siv rau hauv kev txhawb nqa thiab muaj kev sib txuas ua ke. Thaum tsis muaj cov dej uas tsis muaj dej, tuaj yeem siv rau cov dej hiav txwv yooj yim, tab sis nws tsis haum rau cov pob zeb zoo nkauj.
Cov dej soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov dej txij nkawm suav nrog cov ntsiab lus pH, thiab kev kuaj xyuas lub sijhawm, xis nyob kom huv lub zog thiab cov xis ntshiab zog tsis tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas.
5. Ntxiv
Admixtures yog cov tshuaj uas tau ntxiv ua ntej lossis lub sij hawm sib xyaw ua ke, thiab cov nyiaj feem ntau tsis ntau tshaj 5% ntawm cov neeg muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke), thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb. Daim ntawv thov ntawm ntau cov pob zeb ua admixtures txhim kho cov khoom siv ua kom zoo nkauj rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv. Nws tau maj mam dhau los ua cov khoom siv tsis tau rau cov qhob zoo.
6. Mineral Conmixtures
Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ua, txuag lub zog xis mas, thiab cov khoom siv ntxhoo ntxhib ntxiv rau thaum muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke tau ua raws li cov pob zeb admixtures. Qhob admixtures tau muab faib ua cov pob zeb noo ultixtures thiab nyob rau hauv mineral miner monslixtures. Nyob rau hauv cov mineral ntxhia manclectures tsis hnov nrog cov khoom xyaw, xws li av Quartz xuab zeb, Limestone, tawv tawv. Cov ntxhia acaten admixture nws tus kheej tsis nyuaj lossis ua kom muaj kev nyuaj siab, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj hmoov av, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj hmoov av, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj hmoov av.
