Underground tag yeeb nkab gallery txheej txheem tsim cov txheej txheem kom ntxaws
Ua ntej, qhov chaw venue
Prefabricated qhov chaw
1. Lub tsev kawm ntawv raug xaiv raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov haujlwm. Lub vev xaib tswj kaw kev tswj kev lag luam thiab kev tsim tawm, thiab kev tsim kho txoj kev yog tshwj tseg rau hauv thaj chaw hauv kev npaj, thiab ntau cov cim qhia tau raug xa tawm ntawm kev xa thiab kev xa tawm raws li cov cai.
2. Qhov tsim ntawm qhov chaw prefabrication yuav tsum ua raws nraim li cov qauv ntawm lub hoobkas txheem, ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig tswj kev tswj hwm thiab HSE cov lus qhia, thiab tsim muaj ntau qhov chaw tiv thaiv chaw tiv thaiv. Nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua kom tau raws li cov cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv, cov dej ntxuav tawm thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg. Txaus siab rau raws li cov kev cai ntawm tsoom fwv hauv nroog.
3. Ntxuav lub tsev prefabricated, leveling, vibrating thiab compacting, tso ib 20cm tuab cement stabilized macadam puag, smoothing thiab vibrating thiab compacting. Txoj kev loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav ncuav 15cm thick C20 coj mus ua qhob ntawm cov cement stabilized macadam puag. , thaj tsam kev lag luam, kev tsim ua, qhov chaw zus, cov yeeb nkab duab khaws cia kev txuag chaw rau thaj tsam ntawm 10cmC20 kev lag luam. Nyob hauv txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm, qhov khawb qhov tob yog 60cm, thiab cov pob zeb ua rau cov dej ntws tawm. Tsis tas li no peb yam:
(1) Lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav thiab sib npaug, nrog rau cov chaw ua siv ua ntej, kev siv txoj siv ua haujlwm thiab txoj kev tsheb dhau los, thiab cov khoom hauv cov chaw hauv prefabricated.
(2) Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj cov pob zeb, cov pob zeb, cov nroj tsuag, cov ntoo, cov khoom siv, thiab lwm yam uas cuam tshuam rau txoj kev los yog kev tsim kho ntawm kev tsim kho cov tshuab yuav tsum raug muab tu, qhov txiav thiab qhov dav yuav tsum raug sib npaug, thiab cov chaw qis qis nrog cov dej uas tsim tau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg thiab puv, yog tias tsim nyog, hloov. Sau rau hauv, kom paub meej qhov kev nyob ntawm thaj av thiab qhov ua kom tau thiab kev ywj pheej.
(3) Qhov chaw ua ntej kev ntxuav thiab kev sib tw yuav tsum tau nqa mus rau kev txuag thaj av lossis kev lag luam hauv av, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau vaj tse, chaw, khoom siv, thiab lwm yam, los tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj kuab paug thiab av yaig.
4. Kev muab cov hlau ua thiab qhov chaw ua lag luam, cov yeeb nkab ua yeeb yam, cov khoom yeeb nkab, kev txua hluav taws xob, kev txuag chaw cia khoom noj thiab lwm thaj chaw. Qhov chaw ua hauj lwm thiab thaj chaw nyob yog teem raws li qhov xwm txheej tseeb, thiab qhov kev nkag teb chaws nkag thiab tawm hauv tsev tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa ua tus saib xyuas lub khwb. Thib ob, txoj kev ua ntau lawm
Txheej txheem ntau txheej txheem ntws
1. Qhov cuab yeej tsim kho vaj tse khoom siv rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, kev kuaj xyuas, kev ua hlau ua, steel bar ruaj, installation.
(1) Qhov cuab yeej cuab tam txoj kev soj ntsuam a. Rauj yog kub npaug HPB300 qib hlau thiab kub hla HRB400 qib steel hlau. Tus qauv zog ntawm cov steel bar muaj raws li cov cai ntawm 4.2.2 ntawm GB50010-2010. Lub ribbed steel bar ua tiav nrog cov hlau rau cov pob zeb siv pob zeb: Tshooj II: Cov hlua ribbed kub pob (GB1499.2-2007); lub teeb thav ntsa hlau sib ntsib raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj hauv steel rau cov pob zeb siv pob zeb: Tshooj Kuv: Kub ribbed steel bars (GB1499.1-2008). Cov phom steel yog ua los ntawm Q235-B steel, vuam electrode HPB300 qib steel yog welded nrog E43 hom electrode, thiab HRB400 qib steel yog welded nrog E55 hom electrode. b. Ua ntej yuav nkag mus rau ntawm qhov chaw, kos rau ntau yam, qib, qhov kev qhia, ntau thiab cov khoom teev rau hauv kev nruj raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, puas yog qhov khoom pov thawj khoom pov thawj, lub Hoobkas tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab rov kuaj daim ntawv qhia tiav tiav thiab siv tau. Cov khoom siv sib tw khoom tsim nyog yuav tsum yog raws li cov qauv qhia ntawv. c. Ua ntej cov hlau nkag rau hauv lub tshav pob thiab ua ntej siv, xyuas qhov tsos zoo ntawm cov hlau bar, seb nws yog ncaj, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, tsis muaj cwj pwm ntawm cov tawv nqaij, hnyav tawv, nrib pleb, roj roj, granular lossis flake qub xeb, , saib ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov steel bar Ntsib qhov yuav tsum tau ua, yog li tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv anchoring. Hlau daim hlau, welding rods, thiab lwm yam yog kuaj nrog steel bar tshuaj xyuas yam khoom ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw.
(2) Kev pub cov hlau tuav a. Cov hlau tuav nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv yog khaws cia rau hauv lub tshuab hlau khib nyiab cheeb tsam raws li ntau yam, kev qhia thiab qib. Cov ntaub ntawv raug khaws tseg los ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm cov khoom siv thiab cov neeg tu vaj tse. Cov steel bar yuav tsum tau them nrog lub ncoo kom tiv thaiv xeb. b. Kuaj seb qhov chaw nres nkoj muaj cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm lub hoobkas thiab lub hoobkas tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm rov qab soj ntsuam. Xyuas qhov tsos zoo thiab lub cev ntim sawv cev. Cov steel hlau yuav tsum tau ntsuam xyuas txhua nrho rau nws qhov kev lag luam zoo. Raws li kev kuaj pom, lub cev thiab qhov hnyav sib txawv yog tib yam li tib lub Hoobkas, tib lub chaw rauv taws, tib yam kev qhia, tib lub txheej txheem, thiab qhov 60-tis steel bar nkag mus rau tib qhov chaw hauv tib lub sijhawm kev soj ntsuam ntau, tsawg dua 60 tons. Kuj raws li kev sim ntau, ua pov thawj pom kev. Kev kuaj cov hlau tuav yuav tsum yog tus thawj coj saib xyuas. Ob tug hlau tuav yuav tsum tau coj ob lub voj kev sib tw, txhua qhov ntev txog 450 hli, thiab ob qho kev sib tw txias uas tau ntev txog 350 hli, muab tso rau hauv lub thawv kuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd mam li saib xyuas rau kev sib khom los yog kev saib xyuas chav sib tw. Yog tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev rov qab soj ntsuam dua tsis tsim nyog, nws yuav tsum muab coj los kuaj thiab rov kuaj dua. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov rov qab soj ntsuam dua yuav tsum muaj kev tsim nyog, thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm kev saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum kos npe rau kev pom zoo, thiab cov khoom siv hlau tuav yuav tsum tau siv ua. Cia thiab cia khoom ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau nqa los ntawm txoj kev ntub dej.
(3) Kev Thim Kho Kev Ua Ntej ua ntej, raws li tus qauv tsim thiab ntev thiab ntau npaum li cas, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, qhov ntev ntawm txhua lub khoom lag luam yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev xam kom pom tseeb. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, xyuas seb puas muaj qee qhov yuam kev lossis qev haujlwm hauv lub rooj dawb paug. Kos cov khoom siv rau txhua hom steel hlau. Tom qab cov kev kuaj xyuas ob, nias cov khoom siv los mus tso tus qauv tiag. Tom qab kev sim khoom tsim nyog lawm, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv cov khoom siv. Cov pas hlau zoo yuav tsum tau teem caij kom zoo thiab tsim nyog. Cov nplaim ntawm lub pob zeb yuav tsum huv si, thiab roj, av thiab xeb yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav ua ntej siv. Cov hlau tuav tau ncaj qha thiab ncaj qha ua haujlwm. Cov hlau tuav tom qab straightening yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj lub dabtsi yog khoov, tuag bends los yog tsis me me. Cov hlau bar yuav tsum yog raws li cov hlau bar tooj, inch, ntev thiab ntau npaum li cas. Qhov ntev thiab ntev ntawm cov hlau bar yuav tsum tau tawg thiab cov khoom siv luv yuav tsum tau tawg ua ntej, thiab lub taub hau luv luv lub taub hau yuav tsum tau txo thiab shortened ntau li ntau tau txuag steel thiab txo poob. Thaum cov steel bar khoov duav, cov khoom siv sab nraud txiav txim siab qhov taw tes ntxhe thiab txiav txim siab lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub pob zeb raws li qhov muaj zog ntawm txhua tus steel bar. Ua ntej txoj hlua ruaj khov, cov hlau tuav uas tau khoov rau ntau qhov yuav raug rau kev khoov thiab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yuav raug txiav txim ua ntej kev sib tsoo batch. Tom qab lub qhov bar hlau khoov duav, lub nraub qaum kos yog ib qho arc. Tom qab siv txoj hlua khi, qhov loj me tsis loj tshaj qhov loj me me. Qhov kev hloov kho dabtsi yuav tsum muab coj los xav. Txoj kab uas hlais D ntawm pob steel hlau thiab khoov ntawm nruab nrab qhov yog tsis tsawg dua 5 npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla hlau. Qhov ntev ntawm cov steel bar yuav tsum tau suav hais tias yog muaj ntau raws li qhov loj ntawm kev tivthaiv, qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, thiab qhov nqi kho ntawm txoj hlua ntawm steel hlau. Qhov kev yoo mov ntawm kev sib tsoo steel yuav tsum tsis pub dhau qhov kev paub meej. Rau cov hlau tuav nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tiav, lub taub taub sib sib zog nqus siab vuam txujci siv los txo taub hau ntev ntev thiab khoov ces. Lub taub taub hauv qhov taub yuav tsum raug cob qhia nyob rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb lub taub hau vuam welding thiab sampled rau kev soj ntsuam. Tom qab ntau cov hlau tuav tsim, qhov kev sib hloov ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov kev qhia: qhov ntev tag nrho ntawm cov quab yuam yuav tsum yog ± 10 mm; qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm txhua qhov ntawm cov stirrups yuav tsum yog 5 hli; qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlua khawb yuav tsum yog 20 hli ntawm tus tswv cuab, qhov ntim loj Qhov pob zeb yog 30 hli; qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau kaum yog 3 hli; Tus 6 ~ 12 hli kab ua tav yog ua rau lub stirrup, thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib sib zog nqus yog 75 ~ 105 hli raws li txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kab loj. Qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ua ntej qhov kev txiav txim siab yog txiav txim siab, cov txheej txheem kev tuav pov hwm cov dej muaj npe thiab muab khaws cia, thiab cov hlau tuav tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev poob qab thaum khaws thiab kev thauj mus los.
Braided pob txha taub (reinforced steel) steel formwork
Kev Nyuaj Siab: Qhov teeb meem hauv kev ua tus loj ribs ntawm txoj hlua sab saum toj yog cov kab sab nraud lub ntsiab. Txhua lub nplhaib muaj plaub lub hlau tuav nrog ob lub arcs txhua txoj kev ua yeeb yam sab saum toj yeeb nkab rebar ntiv nplhaib. Lub vojvoog ntawm lub arc tsawg dhau lawm, qhov nkhaus arc ntu luv luv, thiab qhov kev txiav txim siab yog siab. . Tshuaj: Ua ntej cov hlau tuav, kos lawv ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm txhua tus kab mob. Tom qab ntawd, R90 degree arc yog khoov ntawm peb-yawm bending, thiab cov kab ncaj nraim yog tsis khoov duav. Tom qab lub nraub qaum khov khov kho, nws tau muab tso rau ntawm tus txheej txheem tus neeg soj ntsuam. Tom qab qhov kev ua tiav tau ua tiav, txoj kev txav txav txoj hauj lwm kos yog ua los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab kev khiav haujlwm rau lub sij hawm sai tom ntej. Peb-yob bending tshuab xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntawm jog thiab nraud. (4) Hlau Bar Vuam Lub tshuab steel hlau yog muab tso rau hauv steel bar welding ua hauj lwm lub cuab tam raws li kev tsim cov duab kos rau vuam. Vuam zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ua kom muaj zog ntawm lub pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ua cov hlau ua, cov hlau tuav mas yog ntxuav los ntawm ob lub voj voog uas muaj ob lub voj voog siv los ntxuav lub kaum ntsej muag thiab lub ntsej muag kawg, cov roj ntsha thiab oxide zaj duab xis ua ntej welded, thiab cov hlau ci yog raug sib tsoo, thiab yog tsis muaj tshwm sim oxidation. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub xaus lub ntsej muag ntawm lub steel bar yuav tsum tau flattened mus pab txhawb ib tug zoo ua ke. Lub teeb txawb ntawm ob tog yuav tsum tau ua kom haum raws li ob lub pas hlau muaj nyob rau tib lub qhov axis, thiab lub zos kev tswj ntawm ob qhov kev tuav steel tsis yog ntau tshaj 3 hli. Lub siab ua ntawv thov thaum lub vuam tswm yuav tsum yog yam tsis muaj zog thiab muaj zog, thiab qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tswj ntawm 30-40 MPa nyob ntawm txoj kab uas hla lub qhov steel hlau kom tau zoo adhesion ntawm ob txoj kev tuav steel. Thaum cov hlau ntim ntawm txawv diameters yog pob tw nkoj, qhov sib txawv yuav tsis pub tshaj 7 hli. Taub tawb welding thiab chaw welding yog nruj me ntsis raws li cov cai, thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm welding yog certified ua hauj lwm. Tom qab lub vuam tiav lawm, yuav muab hloov ntawm cov pob zeb dawb kom tso lub clamp, thiab lub tshuab hlau yuav tsum coj tawm kom tsis txhob khoov. Tom qab siv cov hlau ntub hlau tiav lawm, yuav tsum kuaj xyuas cov pob qij txha yuav tsum ua tiav raws sij hawm, thiab cov pob qij txha uas tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov muag yuav tsum rov qab siv dua. Txhua tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tsum xyuas kom txhua hom vuam tshuab zoo nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo, npaj cov kev ua haujlwm loj thiab tsis muaj ntau yam vuam cov cav hauv lub sijhawm, thiab xaiv qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws rau cov sijhawm ua haujlwm raws li cov kev mob ntawm lub hauv paus hlau thiab huab cua los xyuas kom meej welding zoo. . (5) Cov tawb loj zog yuav tsum rov ua kom zoo dua ua ntej specification, qhov loj me, cov duab, ntau npaum li cas, qhov cuab yeej ua khoom, thiab lwm yam, thiab kev soj ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kos duab thiab cov khoom tsim muaj. Tus qauv tsim, cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab lub cev yuav muab sib piv. Kev ruaj ntseg. Ua ntej lub kaw lus, qhov cuab lub zog yog teem rau ntawm qhov chaw sib tw ua ke raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li ntawm qhov chaw, qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev txhawb zog yog txiav txim siab los xyuas kom meej tias cov hlau tuav tom qab kev teeb tsa ua tau raws li cov kev cai. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ruaj ntseg, cov hlau tuav tau tsim los ntawm cov xov hlau siv hlau ntim thiab chaw vuam siv. Lub qhov yog ua los ntawm 20 ~ 22 # hlau. Txoj kev los ntawm kev sib koom tes thiab kev pov thaiv yog raws li cov lus qhia thiab cov cai. Chaw welding yog tsuas yog siv rau kev sib tw steel tuav thiab sawv tuav. Qhov kho, qhov chaw yuav tsum ua kom ruaj khov, cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum sib npaug sib npaug, thiab cov quab yuam kom tsis txhob raug mob. Kev sib koom tes ntawm lub pas hlau yuav tsum muaj raws li hauv qab no: a. Qhov kawg ntawm lub puab tsaig ntev yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 10 npaug ntawm lub kav hlau ntawm lub qhov bar hlau ntawm khoov ntawm cov hlau, thiab sib koom tes yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws lub sij hawm ntawm kev tivthaiv. b. Nyob hauv thaj chaw nrawm, qhov kawg ntawm txoj hlua I-grade steel lashing yuav tsum tau muab ua rau hauv qhov sib txuas. Nyob rau tib seem, qhov chaw sib tshuam ntawm qhov sib koom tes nrawm yuav tsum tsawg dua 50% ntawm tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm lub zog-tau txais kev sib koom, thiab txoj hlua khi yuav tsis pub ntau tshaj 50%. Tsis pub ntau tshaj 25%, tib lub sij hawm, cov pob txha txhaws pob zeb yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 50% hauv cheeb tsam kev nqu. c. Cov pob txha muaj zog, khi nrog xaim ntawm qhov chaw thiab ob hnub. d. Qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov hlab ntsha pob txha yog staggered los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Qhov ntev ntawm ncej puab ntev ntawm qhov kev sib zog steel cov pob txha yuav tsum tau raws li cov qauv tsim tawm. Lub welded hlau pob qij txha thiab cov pob txha txiag txuas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau qhov tsawg kawg yog qhov tsawg ntawm lub sij hawm thiab staggered. e. Thaum lub taub ntawm lub pob steel tawg yog ≥25mm, nws tsis tau raug pom zoo los siv cov hlua uas tsis yog-welded lashing. f. Lub thickness ntawm lub pob zeb tiv thaiv txheej ntawm lub nyuab siab steel bar yuav tsum tau raws li cov qauv tsim qauv. Yuav kom paub tseeb tias txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub steel hlau, nws khi thiab ntsia raws li cov qauv tsim. g. Nyob rau hauv qhov cuab lub zog zuag txhuam cov txheej txheem, ib lub yeeb nkab ΦPVC yog pre-faus ntawm plaub sab ntawm kev sib koom tes, Φ14mm, qhov ntev ntawm PVC yeeb nkab yog txiav txim siab raws li phab ntsa thickness ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm qhov sib koom, thiab cov pre-embedded PVC yeeb nkab yog siv raws li qhov kev ntsuam xyuas qhov thiab qhov txhaj tshuaj. Lub qhov tshem qhov nruab yog nruab ntawm 500 hli saum toj saud thiab qis dua ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm sab laug thiab sab sab ntawm cov yeeb nkab qauv. Ob Φ125 * 10mm * 220mm steel kav yog welded rau cov hlau ncej, thiab Φ140 * 4 steel phaj siv rau kev sib khi. Lub Φ125 * 10mm * 180mm steel yeeb nkab yog ntsia ua ntej tshem tawm. Φ110mm * 350mm hlau tus pin yog siv los ua cov yeeb nkab npab hluav taws sib npaug kom tau raws li kev siv kho cov yeeb nkab ntawm cov khoom yeeb nkab. Cov hauj lwm steel reinforced yog cov concealed tej yaam num. Ua ntej pouring qhob, cov hlau tuav thiab kos cov khoom yuav tsum tau kuaj thiab lees txais, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau ua ntaub ntawv yuav tsum ua. Tom qab cov thawj coj saib xyuas hauv tsev kawm ntawv pom zoo, tus txheej txheem tom ntej tuaj yeem nqa tau.
Hlau mould sib dhos
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau txoj kev sib txoos ua ke yuav tsum yog: xub txhawb cov pwm puab, cov hlua khib nyiab yuav tsum tau welded ua ntej thiab mam li muab tso rau hauv qab pwm, thiab cov hlua khi hlua txuas ntawm lub qhov khoob yuav tsum tau welded tom qab cov hlau thav duab yog muab tso rau hauv pwm, thiab cov hlau tuav yog welded. Tom qab lub cev pob txha raug muab tso rau hauv pwm, qhov grouting qhov, qhov grouting qhov thiab pre-embedded hlau phaj yog welded. Tom qab welding, lub puab pwm yog sib sau ua ke. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tsis tau txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov tsis raug, qhov chaw tshem tawm yog tsau rau ntawm txheej pwm, thiab txheej pwm sib dhos thiab tom qab ntawd qhov vuam qhov siv tau npaj ua ntej. Ntoo hlau nplhaib. (6) Muaj zog tiv thaiv txheej txheem Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov pob zeb nrig, cov thickness yog sib npaug rau cov thickness ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim, qhov loj loj yog 3cm × 3cm, cov ntaub qhwv muaj ntau dua C25 tshuaj khib nyiab, thiab cov kev kho tau zoo dua ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm ntau dhau mus ua kom tau lub zog tsim. 85% ntawm cov saum toj no yuav siv tau. Thaum siv los ua cov qauv ntsug, lub 20 # txoj kab kev sib txuas yuav raug muab faus rau hauv lub nris, thiab qhov thaiv yog khi rau cov hlau bar nrog cov hlau. Hauv qab txheej txheej hauv qab phaj thiab phab ntsa qhov txheej txheem muab tso rau hauv ib lub xwm fab xwm meem square, thiab lub plum blossoms raug teem caij. Cov kis ntawm cov pawm yuav tsum yog encrypted. Tsim nyog npaj cov blocks, thiab khi lawv nruj nreem rau cov hlua tawg, tsis txhob muab tso rau cov uas tsis muaj txoj hlua, cov teeb meem yuav tsum ruaj khov kom tiv thaiv kev tawm thiab cov nplua thaum lub sij hawm ntim; seb cov blocks puas muaj kev kuaj siab ua ntej pob zeb hliv ploj los yog puas lawm. 2. Qhob cov dej (1) Qhob cov cuab yeej Kev thauj mus los yog thauj mus rau qhov chaw ua ntej los ntawm lub tank, thiab pumped mus rau hauv lub tsev tso khoom los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis. Lub pob ntawm pob zeb feem ntau tswj tau ntawm 140 thiab 180 hli (qhov tseem ceeb nqi nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm hnub). 4 qhob vibrating rods nrog vibrating lub voos 20-25 cm, yog li ntawm qhov sib nrug ntawm txhua tus pas nrig yog 40cm. Txhua tus lej qhov tob yog hauv 5cm hauv qab dhau los dhau los ntawm qhov vibrating nto, thiab lub vibrating sij hawm ib pas nrig yog 2-3 feeb. (2) Tus qauv tsim thiab ntsuas ib. Sib piv cov qauv tsim kom ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev tsim cov cuab yeej siv, kev tiv thaiv, kev tsis sib haum, kev sib xyaw ua xuab zeb, thiab kev ua hauj lwm, thiab tau saib thiab pom zoo los ntawm tus kws saib kev saib xyuas. Cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov pob zeb tau txais tau raws li cov dej khov tshwj xeeb, thiab cov dej siv hauv cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke yog tsawg li tsawg tau. b. Qhob sib xyaw ua ke, kev sib xyaw ua ke, sib xyaw, kev sib xyaw ua ke, sib xyaw, kev sib xyaw ua ke, sib xyaw, kev sib xyaw ua ke, yog qhia rau cov thawj coj kev saib xyuas. c. Kev sib xyaw kom sib haum sib xyaw Raws li qhov sib xyaw kom sib xyaw thiab qhov batch daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm kev saib xyuas kev tswj hwm, cov qhob cov sib xyaw ua ke, thiab tag nrho cov dej tau hloov kho raws li cov dej ntsiab lus ntawm cov aggregate. Qhob qoob loo yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ntawm qhov ntawm cov yam ntxwv, qhov nqi ntawm qhov cuab lub zog, txoj kev thauj khoom thiab txoj kev ua yeeb yam, thiab cov kev mob nyhav, thiab siv lub me qis kom ntau li ntau tau. Ntau qhov kev lag luam ua tau raws li cov cai ntawm SL677-2014. (3) Cov qauv kev kuaj ntawm cov cuab yeej thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov pob zeb, tus neeg cog lus yuav tsum ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov qhauj tawm ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm thiab qhov chaw ntim raws li cov cai ntawm SL352-2006 thiab cov lus qhia ntawm tus thawj saib xyuas, thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no rau tus thawj saib xyuas : a. Thiab daim ntawv pov thawj zoo ntawm nws txoj kev yeeb nkab duab; b. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, sib tov thiab qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv xeem; c. Kev piav qhia ntawm kev npaj thiab kho ntawm daim ntawv xeem; d. Kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev piav qhia; e. Kev ua ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog Muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv xws li ntau qhov sib npaug, compressive zog, tensile zog, qhov kawg tensile nqi, elastic modulus, Poisson qhov ratio, qeeb thiab pib qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw zaum kawg. (4) Qhob cij a. Cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev lag luam yuav tsum yog ua raws li DL / T5330-2005 "Cov Qauv Ntsuas Ua Qauv Ua Pua Pob Zov Ua Kom Hydraulic", thiab siv cov cement thiab dej txo tus neeg sawv cev nrog lub sijhawm pib thaum ntxov thiab lub zog thaum ntxov ntxiv tom qab qhov kawg. Ntau yam khoom ntxiv xws li cua nkag rau tus neeg saib xyuas thiab tus neeg sawv cev thaum muaj zog tuaj yuav tsum xav txog qhov ntev ntawm cov tsheb thauj mus los, nce lub zog ntawm pob zeb ua ke, txo lub sij hawm ntawm demoulding, kom ntev lub sij hawm txhim kho, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog daws qhov kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm lub zog lub zog thaum lub caij ntuj no . Qhov teeb meem nrog rau lub site pob zeb ua lag luam yog raug tswj ntawm 140-180 hli. b. Tom qab cov pwm thiab cov hlau tuav tau tsim thiab tau txais kev tsim nyog los ntawm cov kws kho mob rau kev soj ntsuam xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas zoo, thiab paub tseeb tias, cov yeeb nkab ua ke yuav tsum tau hliv. Qhov siab ntawm lub qhov yog 2m lossis tshaj saud hauv av, thiab qhov poob yog 2m lossis tsawg dua. Cov phom txoj hlua khuam yog teev ntawm lub qhov ncauj los xyuas kom meej tias cov pob zeb muaj qhov siab poob qis tshaj 2m. c. Lub pob zeb ua vaj tse pob zeb yuav tsum tau txais kev sim kom pom tias qhov siab ntawm qhov ntug yuav tsum tsis tshaj 40cm, thiab kev tsim kho nruam los ntawm txoj kev nruam nrawm hnub yuav tsum tsis txhob sib quas ntus. d. Qhob yog poured nyob rau hauv txheej, nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev coj, thiab nrog ib tug tuab. Lub pob zeb yog horizontally fawm kib thiab txheej txheej yog 30-40 cm. e. Kev siv vibrating siv cov hlua ntsaws vibrating, txav deb tsis tshaj li 1.5 npaug ntawm lub voj voog ntawm qhov ntsuas vibrating, thiab tswj tus nrug ntawm 5 mus rau 10 cm ntawm sab pwm. Ntxig rau txheej qis ntawm cov pob zeb 5 mus rau 10 cm thaum vibrating, thiab maj mam tshaj tawm lub vibrating bar tom qab txhua lub zog. Tsis txhob vibrating cov formwork, steel tuav, etc. thaum lub sij hawm kev co; rau txhua qhov kev ua kom muaj zog, nws yuav tsum oscillated kom txog rau thaum cov pob zeb ua kom yooj yim, qhov ntawd yog, qhov chaw nres tsheb nres, tsis muaj kab npuas tshwm, thiab saum npoo av thiab nkos. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem pouring, txhua hom haujlwm yuav tsum tau teem caij los xyuas cov kev hloov ntawm cov hlau tuav, cov plhaus nkas thiab cov stencils, thiab qhov teeb meem yuav tsum tau muab suav nrog rau lub sijhawm. 3, lub thawv ntim kev tu vaj tse thiab kev nyom
Box hnav prefabricated
(1) Tom qab cov pob zeb ua tiav lawm, tom qab lub pob zeb pib teeb tsa, cov yeeb nkab ua ke yog steamed ntawm kev kub. Lub zog ua kom muaj kev sib xyaw kom haum npog, thiab cov yeeb nkab ua ke pam them nrog lub hau npog, thiab hauv qab ntawm lub hau npog yog sib khi kom tiv thaiv lub khoob tawm ntawm kev tawm hauv cov txheej txheem kev xyaw. Lub cub boil yog steamed rau tus phooj ywg environmentally steaming chaw. kev txhawb nqa. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm steaming, nws muab faib ua plaub theem: static nres, ua kom sov, qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum lub chaw nres zoo li qub, qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum ceev cia rau hauv 5 ° C, thiab qhov kub siab yuav tsum tswj li ntawm 15 ° C / h. Ntev npaum li cas: Thaum lub ntsuas kub ncav 60 ° C, qhov ua kom tsis pub tuaj yeem nres tom qab plaub teev tas li ntawm qhov kub tob hau tas li. Cua txias: Qhov txias txias ntawm cov yeeb nkab ua ke hauv lub cub tawg yog tsawg tshaj li 10 ° C / h, thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntawm lub yeeb nkab yuav tsis ntau tshaj 5 ° C, yog li ntawd cov yeeb nkab ua ke yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm lub hau npog. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb raug npaj kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev nthuav dav. Ua ntej, tom qab muab cov yeeb nkab ua ke tau raug tso thiab nres rau 2 xuab moos, cov khoom siv yeeb nkab muaj pib chiv thiab kev soj ntsuam tsis muaj kev txawv txav. Lub hau npog thiab cov khoom siv yog txav mus rau cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam, thiab cov yeeb nkab ua ke tau teem nrog lub hau npog. Yuav tsum tau khij nyhav, khij qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom ua pa thiab lub khwb khov thiab cov khoom siv khib nyiab. Tom qab tag nrho cov kev npaj muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, pib cov khoom ua kom sov kom sov, thiab xyuam xim kom tswj cov cua kub li ntawm 15 ° C / h thaum lub sijhawm cua sov. . Nws yog txwv tsis pub ua kom sov dhau los yog qeeb, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov khoom yeeb nkab. Thaum twg qhov kub ncav 60 ° C, qhov kub qhov kub txhua qhov pib. Tom qab qhov kub thiab txias tas rau plaub teev, qhov yuav tsum nres. Tom qab lub qhov cub kub qhov kub tiav tas lawm, cov khoom yeeb nkab ua ke yog txias thiab tswj cia hauv qhov cub, thiab qhov txias txias yog nruj me ntsis tswj. Tsis pub dhau 10 ° C / h, kub kub mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab cim thiab cua sov tsis tshaj 5 ° C, lub hau npog yuav raug tshem tawm, thiab muab cov khoom yeeb nkab ua kom tawg thiab txav mus rau kev txuag tej yam ntuj tso los rau kev txuag kev nyab xeeb. (2) Tom qab ua kom tiav tiav, lub yeeb nkab ua yeeb yam thiab kev txuag cov khoom txuag hluav taws yuav tsum ua kom tiav 50% ntawm qhov tsim lub zog thiab qhov txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraum ntawm lub hau npog tsis tuaj yeem siab tshaj 5 ° C tom qab nres lub zog rau ib teev. pwm. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm demolding yog los ntawm sab hauv tawm, los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau nram qab kawg. Hauv txoj kev rho tawm, nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm cov kauj ruam ntawm kauj ruam, qhov pwm raug tshem tawm, qhov kev siv tshuaj yeeb nkab thiab lub qab pwm tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm cov pwm ntawm txoj kev ua lag luam, thiab xa mus rau kev txuag kev txuag rau ntuj watering. Nws yog cai txwv tsis pub siv cov qhab nia coj los ntaus lub stencil raws li lub qauv hauv lub sij hawm demoulding. Tom qab qhov kev txij nkawm nce mus txog 75% ntawm qhov tsim lub dag zog, cov yeeb nkab ua ke yuav raug muab tshem tawm ntawm kev txuag cov huab cua rau kev hloov. (3) Folding and placing of plan ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntawm cov yeeb nkab Tom qab cov pob zeb ua tiav, qhov tsim lub zog yog 50% thiab tom qab qhov kev xyaw kom ntev li ib teev, qhov kub qhov txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraum ntawm cov pa khov tsis tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua tshaj li 5 ° C, thiab pwm tuaj yeem tawg puas tsuaj. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm demolding yog los ntawm sab hauv tawm, los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau nram qab kawg. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm dismantling, nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kauj ruam yog kauj ruam hauv ib theem zuj zus. Tom qab cov pwm tawm, cov khoom siv thiab cov hauv qab pwm tawm tau tawm ntawm cov pwm thiab thauj mus rau thaj tsam kev txuag thaj tsam kom ntuj tsim. Nws yog cai txwv tsis pub siv cov qhab nia coj los ntaus lub stencil raws li lub qauv hauv lub sij hawm demoulding. Qhov ntawm seem ntawm cov hlua los yog hlua hlua yog tiv thaiv los ntawm lub ncoo, uas yog lub teeb thiab lub teeb thaum lub sijhawm kev tshem tawm, thiab tag nrho cov yeeb yam tau hais los ntawm tus neeg tshwj xeeb. Tom qab cov khoom muaj zog ncav 75% ntawm qhov tsim lub dag zog, qhov khoom xa mus rau thaj chaw txuag kev txuag kom tiav. Tshem tawm cov khoom tawm ntawm lub tais thaum thauj thiab tuav cov khoom. Yuav kom yooj yim pab kom cia cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, thawj cov khoom ntawm qhov khoom yog muab rau hauv qab ntawm hauv pem teb, thiab qhov siab qhov khoom cia yog ob txheej. 4, kaw cov qauv ntsuas dej
Kaw dej ntsuam xyuas cov hluav taws
(1) Cov dej txhaj tshuaj hauv cov yeeb nkab ua ntej Ua ntej yuav txhaj dej, cov yeeb nkab thaiv tsev thaiv yog kaw thiab muab kaw. Tom qab dhau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam, dej yog txhaj rau hauv cov yeeb nkab ua ke. Cov dej yog txhaj los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom yeeb nkab. Tom qab cov dej tau ntim lawm, sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov yeeb nkab ua ke thiab cov khoom siv ntim hauv nruab nrab tas li, thiab lub sijhawm so so tsis yog ntev tshaj qhov teev tseg hauv qhov kev paub meej. (2) Kev xeem a. Tom qab muab cov yeeb nkab ua tiav yog ua raws li cov kev cai, qhov kev xeem yuav tsum raug muab coj los ua. Kev kuaj lub taub hau yuav tsum yog 2 m siab saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov yeeb nkab ua ke. Yog hais tias qhov siab ntawm sab saum toj ntawm cov qhov yeeb nkab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab mus rau qhov chaw kuaj xyuas tsawg dua 2 m, raws li lub tsev kawm ntawv engineering zoo xyuas thiab txais "Standard" kaw dej dej mus rau qhov taub zoo kom tau raws li kev tsim kho. b. Pib sijhawm thaum kuaj lub taub hau ncav cuag theem uas tau teev tseg, saib qhov qis ntawm cov yeeb nkab cim cia kom txog thaum kawg ntawm kev soj ntsuam. Lub sij hawm no, cov dej yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom siv yeeb yaj kiab mus tas li, thiab lub sij hawm seepage ntawm dej seepage tsis pub tsawg dua 30 feeb. c. Xam cov ntsuas dej uas tau ntsuas raws li cov nram qab no formula: q = W / TL qhov q yog ntsuas dej seepage [L / (min.m)]; W - tus nqi dej (L); T - kev soj ntsuam lub sij hawm (min) L - ntev ntawm txoj kev xeem tube xaus (m). c. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm cov yeeb nkab cim, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thib peb thiab tus saib xyuas ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum raug ceeb toom ntawm lub sijhawm A thiaj li yuav tsum tau paub lub sijhawm kaw dej ntawm cov yeeb nkab ua ke. Tom qab qhov kev kuaj tiav lawm, lub tsev ua haujlwm hauv tsev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav qhov rov qab ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntawm cov yeeb nkab. (3) Checkpoints a. Cov yeeb nkab ua ke yuav tsum raug tshawb fawb ntawm ntu; b. Cov tsos zoo ntawm cov khoom yeeb nkab thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo tau tsim nyog, thiab tsis muaj dej tov thiab tsis muaj dej lim dej; c. Soaking sij hawm tom qab sau cov dej hauv cov yeeb nkab ua ke Lub sij hawm ntawm lub cav sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua qhov ntev uas tau teev nyob rau hauv qhov kev xyuam xim; d. Cov yeeb nkab thaiv dej kaw qhov dej yuav tsum raug kuaj tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv los ntsuas tus nqi tiag tiag thiab qhov kev tshaj tawm, thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg. (4) Daim ntawv ceeb toom ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas dej raug kaw Lub tshooj kaw ntawm qhov dej kaw tsis ntom, thiab feem ntau nws tsis nco qab vim nws nyob hauv qhov dej. Yog tias lub cib ntsa yog siv rau kev sib khi, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau mloog: Lub pobzeb yuav tsum yog 0.5 ua ntej qhov blockage Lub ntsa sab hauv cov yeeb nkab hauv qhov ntau ntawm m yog tu, cov cement puree yog pleev xim, thiab lub cib siv yog wetted rau kev siv. Lub masonry mortar yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj M7.5 thiab muaj qhov sib npaug zoo. Cov cement mortar rau kev sib koom tes thiab plastering yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj M15. Thaum lub taub ntawm lub yeeb nkab loj loj, sab hauv thiab sab sab yuav tsum yog me me thiab tsuas yog ib sab sab nraud los yog siv qhov yuav tsum tau siv. Cov nplaim yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv txoj dej tsis qab siv 5-txheej txheem. Thaum cov caij nyoog tso cai, nws tuaj yeem raug foob ua ntej kuaj xyuas cov qhov dej kom zoo. Lub qhov dej txhuam qhov preset yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ntawm lub qab hauv qab ntawm lub raj rau txhuav thiab kuaj. (5) Kev kho cov dej haus hauv cov yeeb nkab ua ke Cov kev kuaj dej kaw yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom yeeb nkab thiab cov khoom zoo. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m. First, the venue settings
19e0885965a9620c7b4ea459ffc0934f.jpg
Prefabricated site
1. The site is selected according to the actual situation of the project. The site adopts closed management to set up import and export, and the construction access road is reserved in the site planning area, and various signs are hanged at the import and export according to regulations. 2. The layout of the prefabrication site shall be in strict accordance with the requirements of the standard factory, meet the requirements of occupational health and safety and environmental management system and HSE operation instructions, and set up various safety environment protection facilities. It shall be fully equipped to meet the requirements of safe and civilized production, sewage discharge and garbage disposal. Strictly in accordance with the relevant provisions of local government departments. 3. Clean the prefabricated site, leveling, vibrating and compacting, laying a 20cm thick cement stabilized macadam base, smoothing and vibrating and compacting. The main road of the plant will pour 15cm thick C20 commercial concrete on the cement stabilized macadam base. , installation area, prefabrication, production area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation placement area pouring 10cmC20 commercial concrete. In the gantry crane rail erection position, the excavation depth is 60cm, and the concrete is poured and the track is laid. We must also do these three things: (1) The site needs to be cleaned and leveled, including prefabricated sites, connecting construction work belts and existing transportation roads, and passages in prefabricated sites. (2) In the prefabricated site, the stones, weeds, trees, structures, etc. that affect the passage or construction work of the construction machinery should be cleaned up, the ditch and the ridge should be leveled, and the low-lying areas with accumulated water should be drained and filled, if necessary, changed. Fill in, fully guarantee the flatness of the ground and the load-bearing and compressive capacity. (3) Pre-fabrication site cleaning and leveling shall be carried out to save land acquisition or land occupation, no traffic obstruction, no damage to buildings, facilities, monuments, etc., to prevent environmental pollution and soil erosion. 4. Prefabrication of the steel bar processing and installation area, integrated pipe gallery prefabrication production steaming area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation shed, integrated pipe gallery storage area and other functional areas. The office area and living area are set according to the actual situation, and the prefabricated field entrance and exit is set up as a guard room. Second, the production process
Production process flow chart
1. Reinforcement engineering construction materials entering the site, sampling inspection, steel processing, steel bar binding, installation. (1) Reinforcement approach inspection a. Rebar is hot-rolled HPB300 grade steel and hot-rolled HRB400 grade steel bar. The standard strength of steel bar meets the requirements of 4.2.2 of GB50010-2010. The ribbed steel bar complies with the steel for reinforced concrete: Part II: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.2-2007); light-round steel bars meet the requirements of steel for reinforced concrete: Part I: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.1-2008). The steel plate is made of Q235-B steel, the welding electrode HPB300 grade steel is welded with E43 type electrode, and the HRB400 grade steel is welded with E55 type electrode. b. Before the steel enters the site, check the variety, grade, specification, quantity and material list in strict accordance with the requirements, whether the product quality certificate, the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report are complete and valid. The mechanical properties test must be in accordance with the relevant standards. c. Before the steel enters the field and before use, check the appearance quality of the steel bar, whether it is straight, no damage, no slag inclusion on the surface, heavy skin, crack, oil stain, granular or flake old rust, uniform color, view the diameter of the steel bar Meet the requirements, so as not to affect the strength of the steel and anchoring performance. Steel plates, welding rods, etc. are inspected with the steel bar inspection items before entering the site. (2) Storage of steel bars a. The steel bars entering the site are stored in the steel bar storage area according to the variety, specification and grade. The materials are stored by the material staff and the custodians. The steel bar is required to be covered with a pad to prevent rust. b. Check whether the steel bar has the factory certificate and the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report. Check the appearance quality and the volume representative diameter. The steel bar must be inspected comprehensively for its quality index. According to the batch inspection, the diameter and weight deviation are the same as the same factory, the same furnace number, the same specification, the same production process, and the 60-ton steel bar entering the same construction site at the same time is an inspection lot, less than 60 tons. Also as a test lot, carry out witnessed sampling. Sampling of steel bars shall be carried out by the supervising engineer. Two steel bars shall be taken to take two tensile test pieces, each with a length of about 450 mm, and two cold-bent test pieces with a length of about 350 mm, placed in the test box, and then supervised for sealing or monitoring the test room. If the result of the re-examination report is unqualified, it shall be double-sampled and re-tested. The results of the re-examination report shall be qualified, and the professional supervision engineer shall sign the approval, and the batch of steel bars may be used in processing. Storage and storage of other materials shall be carried out by means of moisture insulation. (3) Rebar processing Before processing, according to the design specifications and length and quantity, combined with different processing techniques, the length of each rebar is determined by calculation to ensure accuracy. During processing, check whether there is any error or omission in the blanking table. Check the material table for each type of steel bar. After these two inspections, press the material table to release the real sample. After the trial production is qualified, it can be processed in batches. Good steel bars should be stacked neatly and orderly. The surface of the steel bar should be clean, and the grease, dirt and rust must be cleaned before use. The steel bars are straightened and mechanically straightened. The steel bars after straightening shall not have local bending, dead bends or small waves. The steel bar cutting should be based on the steel bar number, diameter, length and quantity. The length and length of the steel bar should be broken and the short material should be broken first, and the short steel head should be reduced and shortened as much as possible to save steel and reduce loss. When the steel bar is bent, stake out determines the bending point and determines the bending angle based on the rebound strength of each steel bar. Before the formal bending, the steel bars that have been bent in large quantities will be subjected to trial bending and the relevant technical data will be determined before batch bending. After the steel bar is bent, the arc forms an arc. After the bending, the size is not larger than the blanking size. The bending adjustment value should be considered. The bending diameter D of the bent steel bar and the bend of the middle part is not less than 5 times the diameter of the steel bar. The length of the steel bar should be considered comprehensively according to the size of the component, the thickness of the protective layer, and the adjustment value of the bending of the steel bar. The allowable deviation of steel bar processing shall not exceed the specification. For steel bars with insufficient finished material, the butt joint pressure welding method is used to butt the foot length and then bend. The butt welder must be trained in a special butt welding process and sampled for inspection. After the various steel bars are formed, the allowable deviation shall not exceed the specification: the full length of the force ribs shall be ±10 mm; the deviation of the length of each part of the stirrups shall be ±5 mm; the deviation of the bent ribs shall be ±20 mm of the member, large volume The concrete is ±30mm; the deviation of the steel corner is 3mm; the 6~12mm round rib is made into the stirrup, and the length of the end hook is 75~105mm according to the diameter of the main rib. The specific calculation before the blanking is determined, the processed steel bars are classified and stored, and the formed steel bars are prevented from being deformed during storage and transportation.
Braided skeleton (reinforced steel) steel formwork
Difficulties: The difficulty in making the main ribs of the rectangular top pipe is the outer rib main rib. Each ring consists of four steel bars with two arcs each forming a rectangular top pipe rebar ring. The radius of the arc is too small, the curved arc segment is short, and the precision is high. . Solution: Before the steel bars are bent, mark them at the intersection of each arc. Then, the R90 degree arc is bent by three-roll bending, and the straight line segment is not bent. After the arc is fully bent, it is placed on the standard master inspection. After the requirements are met, the moving wheel movement position mark is made on the bending machine operating platform for the next quick production. The three-roll bending machine needs to have the function of jog and reverse. (4) Steel bar welding The formed steel bar is placed on the steel bar welding work tool according to the construction drawings for welding. The welding quality is an important part to ensure the overall strength of the steel bar. In the steel bar processing factory, the steel bars are mainly cleaned by double-sided flash butt welding to clean the corner burrs and the end face rust, oil stains and oxide film before being welded, and the metal luster is exposed by grinding, and there is no oxidation phenomenon. At the same time, the end face of the steel bar should be flattened to facilitate a good combination. The fixtures on both sides should be aligned to ensure that the two steel bars are on the same axis, and the local clearance of the two steel bars is not more than 3 mm. The pressure applied during the welding should be uniform and strong, and the temperature should be controlled at 30-40 MPa depending on the diameter of the steel bar to achieve good adhesion between the two steel bars. When the steel bars of different diameters are butt welded, the deviation shall not exceed 7mm. Butt welding and spot welding are strictly in accordance with the regulations, and the welding personnel are certified to work. After the welding is completed, the joint will be changed from white to black to release the clamp, and the steel bar will be taken out smoothly to avoid bending. After the welding of the steel bars is completed, the appearance inspection of the welded joints shall be carried out in time, and the joints that fail the visual inspection shall be re-welded. All welding operators must ensure that all types of welding machines are in good working condition, master the main performance and parameters of various welding machines in time, and select the best parameters for actual operation according to the conditions of the base metal and weather to ensure the welding quality. . (5) Reinforced steel cages should be re-calibrated before specification, size, shape, quantity, positioning tooling, etc., and comprehensive inspection should be carried out according to the design drawings and ingredient list. The design, ingredient list and physical object can be matched. Security. Before the system is installed, the reinforcement is arranged on the positioning tooling platform according to the design data. At the same time, according to the location, the setting of the standing reinforcement is determined to ensure that the steel bars after the installation meet the requirements. In the process of security, the steel bars are mainly made by wire binding and spot welding. The holes are made of 20~22# wire. The method of binding and binding is in accordance with the specifications and regulations. Spot welding is mainly used for forming steel bars and standing bars. The fixing, the spot welding should be firm, the points should be evenly distributed, and the force ribs should not be seriously damaged. The lashing joint of the steel bar shall meet the following requirements: a. The end of the lap length shall be not less than 10 times the diameter of the steel bar at the bend of the steel bar, and the joint shall not be located at the maximum bending moment of the component. b. In the tension zone, the end of the I-grade steel lashing joint shall be made into a hook. In the same section, the cross-sectional area of the joint of the tension zone shall be less than 50% of the total area of the force-receiving joint, and the lashing joint shall not be more than 50%. Not more than 25%, at the same time, the lashing joints must not exceed 50% in the compression zone. c. Reinforced joints, tied with wire at the center and at both ends. d. The joint positions of the stressed ribs are staggered from each other. The lap length of the tensioned steel reinforced joints should meet the structural design requirements. The welded steel joints and mechanical joints should be placed at the minimum bending moment and staggered. e. When the diameter of the stressed steel bar is ≥25mm, it is not advisable to use a non-welded lashing joint. f. The thickness of the concrete protective layer of the stressed steel bar should meet the structural design requirements. In order to ensure the correct position of the steel bar, it is tied and installed according to the design requirements. g. In the reinforcement cage binding process, one ΦPVC pipe is pre-buried on the four sides of the joint, Φ14mm, the length of the PVC pipe is determined according to the wall thickness of the mouth of the joint, and the pre-embedded PVC pipe is used as the inspection hole and the injection hole. The lifting holes are installed at 500mm above and below the central axis of the left and right sides of the integrated pipe gallery. Two Φ125*10mm*220mm steel pipes are welded to the steel frame, and Φ140*4 steel plate is used for sealing. The Φ125*10mm*180mm steel pipe is installed before lifting. Φ110mm*350mm iron pin is used as the integrated pipe hanger ear to meet the hoisting construction of the integrated pipe gallery. Reinforced steel works are concealed projects. Before pouring concrete, the steel bars and embedded parts should be inspected and accepted, and the hidden engineering records should be made. After the on-site supervision engineers agree, the next process can be carried out.
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Steel mold assembly
The most efficient method for the assembly process should be: first support the inner mold, the steel collar connection ribs should be welded first and then placed in the bottom mold, and the lining steel ring connecting ribs of the socket should be welded after the steel frame is put into the mold, and the steel bars are welded. After the skeleton is put into the mold, the grouting hole, the grouting hole and the pre-embedded steel plate are welded. After the welding, the outer mold is assembled. In order to prevent the position of the lifting hole from being inaccurate, the lifting hole is fixed on the outer mold, and the outer mold is assembled and then the welding socket is pre-prepared. Buried steel ring. (6) Reinforced protective layer The protective layer of concrete is made of concrete block, the thickness is equal to the thickness of the designed protective layer, the block size is 3cm×3cm, the pad number is more than C25 mortar strength, and the curing is strengthened during production to achieve design strength. 85% of the above can be used. When used in the vertical structure, the 20# binding line can be buried in the block, and the block is tied to the steel bar with the wire. The bottom layer of the bottom plate and the wall reinforcement layer are placed one square meter per square meter, and the plum blossoms are arranged. The spacing of the pads should be properly encrypted. Reasonably arrange the blocks, and tie them tightly on the stressed steel bars, instead of being placed on the non-stressed tendons, the fixing should be firm to prevent displacement and slippage during the pouring process; whether the blocks are fully inspected before concrete pouring Missing or damaged. 2. Concrete pouring (1) Concrete material Concrete transportation is transported to the prefabricated site by concrete tanker, and pumped into the warehouse by concrete pump truck. The slump of concrete is generally controlled between 140 and 180 mm (the specific value depends on the temperature of the day). 4 concrete vibrating rods with a vibrating radius of 20-25cm, so the spacing between each rod is 40cm. Each rod depth is within 5cm below the previous vibrating surface, and the vibrating time per rod is 2-3 minutes. (2) Mixing ratio design and test a. Mixing ratio design To meet the requirements of concrete design strength, frost resistance, impermeability, sand aggregate expansion rate and construction workability, the concrete construction mix ratio optimization test At the same time, it meets the requirements of construction water-cement ratio and slump, and is reviewed and approved by the supervision engineer. The mix ratio of concrete should ensure that the concrete obtained can meet the specific pouring conditions, and the water consumption in the concrete mix ratio is as small as possible. b. Concrete mix ratio test concrete mix ratio test plan, including concrete mix ratio test and concrete performance test of different strength grades, blending ratio test 14d ahead of the various mix ratio test ingredients and mixing, molding and maintenance, etc. The mix ratio test plan is reported to the supervision engineer. c. Construction mix ratio control According to the mix ratio test and the batch list approved by the supervision engineer, the concrete mix ratio is controlled, and the total water consumption is adjusted according to the water content of the aggregate. Concrete slump is determined by the nature of the structural part, the rate of reinforcement, the concrete transport and casting method, and the climatic conditions, and uses a small slump as much as possible. Concrete slump meets the requirements of SL677-2014. (3) Concrete sampling test During the concrete pouring process, the contractor shall carry out concrete sampling test at the discharge opening and pouring site according to the provisions of SL352-2006 and the instructions of the supervisor, and submit the following materials to the supervisor: a. And the quality certificate of its integrated pipe gallery; b. The composition, mixing and dimensions of the test piece; c. Description of the preparation and maintenance of the test piece; d. Test results and description; e. Concrete of various ages Test data such as bulk density, compressive strength, tensile strength, ultimate tensile value, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, slump and initial setting and final setting time. (4) Concrete pouring a. The mix ratio of commercial concrete should meet the requirements of DL/T5330-2005 "Design Specification for Hydraulic Concrete Mixing Ratio", and use cement and water reducing agent with relatively early initial setting time and early strength increase after final setting. Various additives such as air entraining agent and early strength agent should consider the long distance of concrete transportation, increase the early strength of concrete, reduce the time of demoulding, shorten the construction period, and especially solve the slow growth of concrete strength during winter construction. The problem with the site concrete slump is to be controlled at 140-180mm. b. After the mold and steel bars have been installed and qualified by the technicians for quality inspection and supervision, and confirmed, the integrated pipe gallery can be poured. The height of the hole is 2m or more above the ground, and the drop is 2m or less. The soft string barrel is set at the mouth to ensure that the concrete has a falling height of less than 2m. c. The concrete pipe tunnel concrete shall adopt the symmetric casting method to consider that the height of the edge should not exceed 40cm, and the construction by continuous casting method should not be intermittent. d. Concrete is poured in layers, in a certain direction, and with a certain thickness. The concrete is horizontally layered and the layer thickness is 30-40 cm. e. Vibrating uses a plug-in vibrating rod, the moving distance does not exceed 1.5 times the radius of action of the vibrating bar, and maintains a distance of 5 to 10 cm from the side mold. Insert the lower layer of concrete 5 to 10 cm when vibrating, and slowly propose the vibrating bar after each vibration. Avoid vibrating the formwork, steel bars, etc. during vibration; for each vibration part, it must be oscillated until the concrete is compacted, that is, the concrete stops sinking, no bubbles appear, and the surface is flat and muddy. During the pouring process, each work type should be arranged to check the changes of steel bars, brackets and stencils, and the situation should be dealt with in time. 3, box culvert maintenance and demoulding
Box culvert prefabricated
(1) After the concrete is poured, after the concrete is initially set, the integrated pipe gallery is steamed at a high temperature. The steaming adopts a customized steaming cover, and the integrated pipe gallery mold is covered with a steaming cover, and the bottom of the steaming cover is sealed to prevent steam from being discharged during the steaming process. The steaming boiler is steamed for the environmentally friendly steaming facility. support. In the process of steaming, it is divided into four stages: static stop, warming, constant temperature and cooling. During the static stop, the ambient temperature should be kept below 5 °C, and the temperature rise should be controlled within 15 °C/h. Constant temperature: When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the steaming can be stopped after four hours of constant temperature steaming. Cooling: The cooling rate of the integrated pipe gallery in the steaming shed is less than 10 °C / h, and the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery is not more than 5 °C, so that the integrated pipe gallery can be removed from the steaming cover. During the steaming process, special personnel are arranged to effectively control the temperature rise and fall and record in detail. Firstly, after the integrated pipe gallery has been poured and stopped for 2 hours, the integrated pipe gallery has been initially set and the inspection has no abnormality. The steaming cover and equipment are moved to the prefabricated production area, and the integrated pipe gallery has been set up with the steaming cover. Strictly sealed, check the sealing condition of steaming equipment and steaming cover and debug the steaming equipment. After all the preparations are in place, start the steaming equipment to heat up, and pay attention to control the heating rate within 15 °C/h during the heating process. . It is forbidden to heat up too fast or too slow, which will affect the compressive strength and performance of the integrated pipe gallery. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the constant temperature steaming is started. After the constant temperature steaming for four hours, the steaming can be stopped. After the constant temperature steaming is finished, the integrated pipe gallery is cooled and maintained in the steaming shed, and the cooling rate is strictly controlled. Within 10 °C / h, the temperature drops to the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery and the ambient temperature does not exceed 5 °C, the steaming cover can be removed, and the integrated pipe gallery is demolished and moved to a natural conservation shed for natural conservation. (2) After the steaming is completed, the pipe gallery demoulding and natural conservation shed maintenance plan will reach 50% of the design strength and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming cover can not be more than 5 °C after stopping the steaming for one hour. mold. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in order, the mold is removed, the prefabricated integrated pipe gallery and the bottom mold are removed from the mold by the gantry crane, and transported to the designated natural conservation shed for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. After the natural maintenance reaches 75% of the design strength, the integrated pipe gallery will be removed from the natural conservation shed for reversal. (3) Folding and placing plan of the pipe gallery After the concrete pouring is completed, the design strength is 50% and after the steaming is stopped for one hour, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming shed can not be greater than 5 °C, and the mold can be demolished. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in sequence. After the mold is removed, the prefabricated product and the bottom mold are lifted out of the mold and transported to the designated natural conservation area for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. The angular parts of the sling or wire rope contact are protected by a pad, which is light and light during the lifting process, and all actions are directed by a special person. After the product strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the product is transferred to the finished natural conservation area. Move the product out of the tray during transport and flip the product. In order to facilitate the storage of the product, the original product of the product is turned over to the bottom of the floor, and the product storage height is two layers. 4, closed water testing standards
Closed water inspection flow chart
(1) Water injection in the integrated pipe gallery Before the water injection, the integrated pipe gallery block is sealed and sealed. After passing the inspection, water is injected into the integrated pipe gallery. The water is injected from the lower end of the integrated pipe gallery. After the water is filled, the inner wall of the integrated pipe gallery and the interface material are fully absorbed, and the soaking time is not less than the length specified in the specification. (2) Test a. After the comprehensive pipe shed is in compliance with the requirements, the test shall be carried out. The test head shall be 2 m above the top of the integrated pipe gallery. If the height from the top of the upstream integrated pipe gallery to the inspection port is less than 2 m, according to the municipal engineering quality inspection and acceptance Standard “closed water test water level to the wellhead to meet construction requirements. b. Start timing when the test head reaches the specified level, observe the leakage of the integrated pipe gallery until the end of the observation. At this time, the water should be continuously supplied to the integrated pipe gallery to keep the test head constant, and the seepage time of the water seepage is not less than 30 minutes. c. Calculate the measured water seepage according to the following formula: q=W/TL where q is the measured water seepage [L/(min.m)]; W——the amount of water (L); T——observation time (min) L - length of the test tube end (m). c. After the completion of the integrated pipe gallery, the third inspection party and the on-site supervision designated by Party A shall be notified in time to carry out the closed water test of the integrated pipe gallery system. After the test is completed, the earthwork construction party shall carry out the backfilling of the integrated pipe gallery trench. (3) Checkpoints a. The integrated pipe gallery must be inspected section by section; b. The appearance quality of the integrated pipe gallery and inspection well has been qualified, and no water leakage and no serious water seepage are qualified; c. Soaking time after filling the water in the integrated pipe gallery The immersion time of the reinforced concrete pipe shall not be less than the length specified in the specification; d. The comprehensive pipe gallery closed water test shall be carried out on site to measure the actual amount and the field calculation, and fill in the relevant forms as a concealed acceptance record. (4) Notice of closed water test The closed section of the closed water section is not dense, and it is often neglected because it is in the well. If the brick wall is used for sealing, the following points should be paid attention to: The nozzle should be 0.5 before the blockage The inner wall of the pipe in the range of m is cleaned, the cement puree is painted, and the bricks used are wetted for use. The masonry mortar should be no less than M7.5 and have a good consistency. The cement mortar for jointing and plastering shall be not less than M15. When the diameter of the pipe is large, the inner and outer sides should be small and only the outer one-side joint or the surface should be used. The surface should be applied in a waterproof 5-layer construction method. When conditions permit, it can be sealed before the inspection of the wells to ensure quality. The preset drain hole should be inspected at the inner bottom of the tube for draining and testing. (5) Treatment of water seepage in integrated pipe gallery The closed water test is a comprehensive inspection of the construction of integrated pipe gallery and the quality of materials. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m.
